A startup in Nova Scotia is conducting trials on a technique to capture and retain more carbon in the ocean, utilizing a new experimental facility to validate the idea. The ocean already functions as a significant repository for excessive carbon dioxide, having absorbed around 30% of all human-induced carbon emissions since the 1980s.
The company pHathom is endeavoring to further reduce emissions from the atmosphere by trapping carbon dioxide and transforming it into a form that can be securely stored in the ocean for an extended period. The initial testing of this method will take place at the Huntsman Marine Science Centre in St. Andrews, New Brunswick.
Kimberly Gilbert, the co-founder and CEO, emphasized that demonstrating the safety and efficacy of the approach through this pilot project is crucial. The company’s method imitates a natural process where raindrops absorb carbon dioxide from the air, making them slightly acidic. When these raindrops interact with alkaline rocks like limestone, a portion of the rock dissolves, decreasing the water’s acidity and converting the carbon dioxide into bicarbonate.
By replicating this process in a controlled environment, the company aims to enhance carbon storage in the ocean. The process involves exposing seawater to the emissions of a biomass power plant, making the water more acidic. This acidic water is then mixed with small limestone particles in a tank, converting the carbon dioxide into bicarbonate before reintroducing it into the ocean with the same pH level as normal seawater.
In Nova Scotia, other companies are exploring variations of carbon removal approaches, such as alkalinity enhancement. pHathom’s method stands out for its use of concentrated carbon dioxide, enhancing efficiency. The pilot phase targets capturing 0.1 tonnes of carbon dioxide daily, with the goal of observing its effects on marine species over three months.
If successful, pHathom plans to expand its operations with a second testing site in Nova Scotia next year. However, scaling up any carbon removal technology poses a significant challenge, as highlighted by experts in the field. Despite the obstacles, the urgency of addressing climate change justifies exploring promising removal technologies, provided efforts to transition away from fossil fuels continue.
Canada has been recognized as a leader in ocean alkalinity enhancement research, with calls for international cooperation and regulatory frameworks. While recent policy changes have created uncertainties in the market, proponents like Kimberly Gilbert remain hopeful that global action will eventually prioritize proven technologies in combating climate change.